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中国历史,从夏朝算起,有近4100年历史;从中国第一个统一的朝代秦朝算起,约有2241年。
The history of China is nearly 4100 years from the Xia Dynasty and 2241 years from the Qin Dynasty, the first unified dynasty in China.
史前时期的有巢氏 、燧人氏 、伏羲氏 、神农氏(炎帝) 、黄帝(轩辕氏)? 被尊为中华人文始祖? 。约公元前2070年,夏朝出现;商朝时出现了已知中国最早的成熟文字—甲骨文;西周时社会进一步发展,春秋战国时生产力提高,思想百家争鸣。
In prehistoric times, Youchao, Suiren, Fuxi, Shennong (Yandi) and Huangdi (Xuanyuan) were regarded as the ancestors of Chinese culture. In 2070 BC, Xia Dynasty appeared; in Shang Dynasty, oracle bone inscriptions, the earliest mature writing in China,?
appeared; in Western Zhou Dynasty, society developed further, productivity increased in spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, and a hundred schools of thought contend.
公元前221年,秦始皇建立了中国历史上第一个中央集权封建国家—秦朝;西汉与东汉时进一步巩固和发展了大一统的局面,汉字基本定型。三国两晋南北朝时期,中国进入分裂割据局面。
In 221 B.C., Qin Shihuang established the first centralized feudal state in Chinese history Qin Dynasty; the western and Eastern Han Dynasties further consolidated and developed the situation of great unification, and the Chinese characters were basically shaped.?
During the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty, the southern and Northern Dynasties, China entered a situation of separatist regime.
隋唐五代时期,经济繁荣、科技发展,文化影响广泛。武周时期,因“大周万国颂德天枢”的营建而使国际地位达到顶峰。辽宋夏金元时期,多元文化交融,经济、科技发展到新的高度。明朝时,经济取得发展,明末江南地区出现“资本主义萌芽”;清朝前期奠定了中国今天的疆域。
During the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, economic prosperity, scientific and Technological Development and cultural influence were widespread. During the Wuzhou period, the international status reached its peak because of the construction of "the great Zhou Wanguo praises the virtue of Tianshu".?
In the period of Liao, song, Xia, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, multi-cultural integration, economy, science and technology developed to a new height. In the Ming Dynasty, the economy developed, and "capitalist sprouts" appeared in Jiangnan area in the late Ming Dynasty; in the early Qing Dynasty, China's territory today was established.
扩展资料
根据历史文献和考古物证,可将中国历史(炎黄文明)划分为十个纪:
炎黄、虞夏、商周、齐楚、秦汉;
魏晋、隋唐、宋元、明清、共和。
一、炎黄纪:以仰韶文化为代表,约两千四百年(公元前五十至前二十六世纪)。以农业社会、母系社会末期、铜石并用时代、父系社会初期为准。炎黄纪已经出现私有制、商业、战争、奴隶。
二、虞夏纪:以龙山文化、齐家文化为代表,约一千年(公元前二十六至前十六世纪)。二里头文化兜底:以青铜器时代初期、双轮车、城市、文字等古文明标志为准。传说时代的颛顼、帝喾、尧、舜、禹或可研究纳入本时代故事集。
三、商周纪:青铜器时代中期,分封制中期,以殷墟、甲骨文为典型代表。成汤灭夏、武王伐纣、国人暴动为本时代三部曲。约八百年。
中国传统英文资料
China's territory spans nearly 50 degrees from north to south. Most of it is in temperate zone, and a small part is in tropical zone, without frigid zone.
中国领土南北跨越的纬度近50度,大部分在温带,小部分在热带,没有寒带。
China is located in the east of Asia and the West Bank of the Pacific Ocean. It has a vast territory with a total land area of about 9.6 million square kilometers, ranking the third in the world after Russia and Canada, and the fourth is the United States. It's about the size of Europe.
中国位于亚洲东部、太平洋的西岸。领土辽阔广大,陆地总面积约960万平方千米,仅次于俄罗斯、加拿大,居世界第3位,第四位为美国。差不多同整个欧洲面积相等。
政区划分
中国现行政区基本划分为省(自治区、直辖市)、县(县级市、自治县)和乡(镇)三级,中国有34个省级行政区,包括23个省、5个自治区、4个直辖市、2个特别行政区。在历史上和习惯上,各省级行政区都有简称。省级人民政府驻地称省会(首府),中央人民政府所在地是首都。北京是中国的首都。
乡镇是中国最基层的行政单位。自治区、自治州、自治县是少数民族聚居地区的民族自治地方,国家根据需要,还可以设立特别行政区。此外,为了便于行政管理和经济建设,为了加强民族团结,国家可根据需要对行政区划作必要的调整和变更。
中式早点
烧饼 Clay oven rolls
油条 Fried bread stick
韭菜盒 Fried leek dumplings
水饺 Boiled dumplings
蒸饺 Steamed dumplings
馒头 Steamed buns
割包 Steamed sandwich
饭团 Rice and vegetable roll
蛋饼 Egg cakes
皮蛋 100-year egg
咸鸭蛋 Salted duck egg
豆浆 Soybean milk
饭 类
稀饭 Rice porridge
白饭 Plain white rice
油饭 Glutinous oil rice
糯米饭 Glutinous rice
卤肉饭 Braised pork rice
蛋炒饭 Fried rice with egg
地瓜粥 Sweet potato congee
面 类
馄饨面 Wonton & noodles
刀削面 Sliced noodles
麻辣面 Spicy hot noodles
麻酱面 Sesame paste noodles
鸭肉面 Duck with noodles
鳝鱼面 Eel noodles
乌龙面 Seafood noodles
榨菜肉丝面 Pork , pickled mustard green noodles
牡蛎细面 Oyster thin noodles
板条 Flat noodles
米粉 Rice noodles
炒米粉 Fried rice noodles
冬粉 Green bean noodle
汤 类
鱼丸汤 Fish ball soup
贡丸汤 Meat ball soup
蛋花汤 Egg & vegetable soup
蛤蜊汤 Clams soup
牡蛎汤 Oyster soup
紫菜汤 Seaweed soup
酸辣汤 Sweet & sour soup
馄饨汤 Wonton soup
猪肠汤 Pork intestine soup
肉羹汤 Pork thick soup
鱿鱼汤 Squid soup
花枝羹 Squid thick soup
甜 点
爱玉 Vegetarian gelatin
糖葫芦 Tomatoes on sticks
长寿桃 Longevity Peaches
芝麻球 Glutinous rice sesame balls
麻花 Hemp flowers
双胞胎 Horse hooves
冰 类
绵绵冰 Mein mein ice
麦角冰 Oatmeal ice
地瓜冰 Sweet potato ice
红豆牛奶冰 Red bean with milk ice
八宝冰 Eight treasures ice
豆花 Tofu pudding
果 汁
甘蔗汁 Sugar cane juice
酸梅汁 Plum juice
杨桃汁 Star fruit juice
青草茶 Herb juice
点 心
牡蛎煎 Oyster omelet
臭豆腐 Stinky tofu (Smelly tofu)
油豆腐 Oily bean curd
麻辣豆腐 Spicy hot bean curd
虾片 Prawn cracker
虾球 Shrimp balls
春卷 Spring rolls
蛋卷 Chicken rolls
碗糕 Salty rice pudding
筒仔米糕 Rice tube pudding
红豆糕 Red bean cake
绿豆糕 Bean paste cake
糯米糕 Glutinous rice cakes
萝卜糕 Fried white radish patty
芋头糕 Taro cake
肉圆 Taiwanese Meatballs
水晶饺 Pyramid dumplings
肉丸 Rice-meat dumplings
豆干 Dried tofu
其 他
当归鸭 Angelica duck
槟榔 Betel nut
火锅 Hot pot
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